Copper Centrifugal General Pump

I. Product Overview

Copper centrifugal General pumps are designed based on the centrifugal force transportation principle, using copper and copper alloys (brass, tin bronze, aluminum bronze, etc.) as the core material. They feature wide media adaptability and working condition compatibility, suitable for transporting, pressurizing, and circulating various media such as water, oil, and mildly corrosive liquids. The copper impeller and pump body, combined with modular structural design, integrate excellent corrosion resistance, wear resistance, and high-efficiency transportation performance, applicable to industrial, civil, marine, and other multi-field scenarios. They meet the requirements of GB/T 13006 Technical Conditions for Centrifugal Pumps and ISO 5199 General pump standards.

II. Core Materials and Performance Adaptation

1.Brass (H68/H62) — Preferred for General Media

Characteristics

Contains 62%-68% copper and 32%-38% zinc, tensile strength ≥300MPa, corrosion rate <0.01mm/year in neutral water (pH 6-8) and lubricating oil (viscosity ≤100cSt), thermal conductivity 110W/(m・K), enabling rapid heat dissipation and reducing bearing temperature rise (normal operation temperature rise ≤40℃).

40% lower cost than bronze, easy to process and form, suitable for manufacturing conventional components such as pump bodies and impellers, with 50% improved resistance to humid atmospheric corrosion after surface nickel plating.

Application Scenarios

Municipal tap water transportation, building air-conditioning circulating water (water temperature ≤70℃), mechanical lubricating oil circulation (such as gearbox thin oil stations), adapting to scenarios with medium viscosity ≤100cSt and solid particles ≤1mm.

2.Tin Bronze (ZCuSn10Pb1) — Benchmark for Wear and Corrosion Resistance

Characteristics

Contains 10% tin and 1% lead, tensile strength ≥350MPa, hardness HB≥80, wear resistance 50% higher than brass in water with trace sediment (≤0.5%) or high-viscosity oil (viscosity 300-500cSt), surface oxide film inhibits scale and oil sludge adhesion.

Excellent cavitation resistance (can withstand 150MPa bubble collapse impact), suitable for high-head (>80m) or media transportation with minor particles.

Application Scenarios

Industrial circulating cooling water (with corrosion inhibitors), marine ballast water (Cl⁻≤20,000ppm), lubricating oil pumps (such as hydraulic station oil supply), adapting to working conditions with medium temperature -20℃~120℃ and pH 5-9.

3.Aluminum Bronze (ZCuAl10Fe3) — Preferred for High-Pressure Impact Resistance

Characteristics

Contains 10% aluminum and 3% iron, tensile strength ≥600MPa, impact toughness ≥35J/cm², can withstand 1.5 times working pressure water hammer impact, no sparks during friction (ignition energy ≥50mJ), suitable for explosion-proof areas (such as Ex nA IIC T4).

In media with trace corrosive ions (Cl⁻≤500ppm, SO₄²⁻≤1000ppm), corrosion resistance is 2 times higher than brass, suitable for high-pressure (≤1.6MPa) or liquids with mild corrosive components.

Application Scenarios

High-pressure cleaning systems (pressure ≥1.0MPa), mildly acidic water (pH 4-6) in chemical enterprises, low-sulfur fuel oil (sulfur content ≤0.5%) transportation in oil depots, adapting to harsh conditions with medium viscosity ≤200cSt and particles ≤0.5mm.

III. Technical Advantages and Application Limitations

Core Technical Advantages

1. Broad-Spectrum Media Adaptability

By replacing impeller materials (brass/tin bronze/aluminum bronze) and seals (nitrile rubber/fluororubber), it can adapt to media such as water, oil, and mild acid-base liquids (pH 4-10). Closed impeller design supports a wide range of working conditions with flow 5-500m³/h and head 20-150m.

2. High Efficiency, Energy Saving, and Stable Operation

Hydraulic efficiency reaches 75%-85%, 10%-15% higher than cast iron pumps. Combined with variable frequency control (accuracy ±1%), efficiency retention rate ≥70% under variable flow conditions. Precision dynamic balance treatment (residual unbalance ≤5g・mm), operation vibration value ≤2.0mm/s, noise ≤75dB.

3. Low Maintenance and Long Life

Smooth copper surface (roughness Ra≤6.3μm), scaling/oil accumulation rate 60% lower than cast iron, maintenance cycle extended to 6-12 months. Mechanical seals use silicon carbide/fluororubber combinations, leakage ≤5 drops/minute, life exceeding 8,000 hours.

Application Limitations

1. Strong Corrosion and High-Viscosity Restrictions

Prohibited from transporting media containing ammonia (NH₃), concentrated acids (pH<4), or concentrated alkalis (pH>10). Brass requires cathodic protection in water with chlorine content >1,000ppm. When transporting media with viscosity >500cSt, preheat to viscosity ≤200cSt (otherwise efficiency decreases by 25%).

2. Cost and Weight Challenges

Tin bronze pumps cost 3-5 times more than cast iron, density 8.9g/cm³ is 3 times higher than aluminum alloy (e.g., 100mm diameter pump weighs about 25kg). Large-flow models (≥300m³/h) need reinforced foundations during installation. Low temperature (<-20℃) requires electric tracing (power 300-500W) to prevent freezing.

3. Impurity Sensitivity

Impeller clearance 0.5-1.0mm, sensitive to solid particles >2mm (such as rust and sediment), requiring Y-type filters (filtration accuracy ≤5mm), otherwise wear rate increases to 0.05mm per thousand hours.

IV. Typical Application Scenarios

1. Industrial General Transportation

Cooling Systems: Tin bronze pumps transport circulating cooling water (turbidity ≤10NTU) to equipment such as air compressors and injection molding machines, flow 50-200m³/h, head 30-50m, resisting corrosion from corrosion inhibitors (such as molybdates) in cooling water.

Lubrication Systems: Brass pumps transport L-HM hydraulic oil (viscosity 46cSt) to machine tool and fan bearings, pressure 0.3-0.6MPa, adapting to quantitative oil supply in centralized lubrication systems.

2. Civil and Building Fields

Secondary Water Supply: Brass pumps with variable frequency control cabinets achieve constant pressure water supply in high-rise buildings (pressure fluctuation ≤±2%), flow 20-100m³/h, head 80-120m, complying with GB 5749 drinking water hygiene standards.

Air-Conditioning Circulation: Tin bronze pumps transport chilled water (-10℃~70℃) to central air-conditioning systems, closed impeller design reduces air mixing, hydraulic efficiency ≥80%, adapting to large commercial complexes.

3. Marine and Offshore Engineering

Engine Room General Pumps: Tin bronze pumps serve as marine General bilge pumps, draining oily sewage (oil content ≤15ppm), flow 80-150m³/h, head 20-40m, cooperating with oil-water separators to meet MARPOL Annex I discharge requirements.

Auxiliary Engine Cooling Water: Brass pumps transport fresh water to ship generator cooling systems, vibration-resistant design (amplitude ≤0.04mm) adapts to ship swaying conditions, ensuring continuous auxiliary engine operation.

4. Special Media Transportation

Food-Grade Liquids: Brass pump surfaces are electrolytically polished (Ra≤0.4μm), transporting food-grade media such as vegetable oil and beverage concentrates, complying with FDA certification, flow 10-50m³/h, head 15-30m.

Mild Chemical Liquids: Aluminum bronze pumps transport mildly corrosive liquids with sulfuric acid concentration ≤10% and sodium hydroxide concentration ≤15%, pressure 0.5-1.0MPa, adapting to chemical pretreatment processes.

V. Usage and Maintenance Specifications

1. Key Selection Factors

Media Matching:

Water/neutral oil: Select brass pumps (cost-effective);

Particulate/high-viscosity: Select tin bronze pumps (wear-resistant);

High-pressure/mild corrosion: Select aluminum bronze pumps (high strength).

Working Condition Adaptation:

High temperature (>80℃): Configure cooling jackets;

Explosion-proof areas: Use aluminum bronze + explosion-proof motors (Ex d IIB T4), grounding resistance ≤4Ω.

2. Maintenance Key Points

Daily Monitoring:

Record inlet and outlet pressure, bearing temperature (temperature rise ≤35℃) daily, equipped with pressure sensors (accuracy 0.5 class), automatic alarm for abnormalities;

Check vibration value weekly (threshold ≤2.5mm/s), listen for pump noise, and promptly inspect impeller dynamic balance.

Regular Maintenance:

Clean the filter quarterly (replace the element when pressure difference >0.1MPa);

Disassemble and inspect impeller wear annually (blade thickness wear ≤1mm), remove scale with citric acid solution (concentration 3-5%) (soaking time ≤20 minutes);

Replace mechanical seals when leakage >10 drops/minute, replace seal O-rings semi-annually in oil media (material preferably fluororubber FKM).

3. Compliance Requirements

Industrial pumps must comply with GB/T 13006 Technical Conditions for Centrifugal Pumps; drinking water pumps must pass sanitary certification for water-related products (such as Chinese water-related product approval);

Export equipment must meet ISO 5199 standards, food-grade applications must comply with NSF 61 certification, and explosion-proof scenarios must pass ATEX or UL certification.